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Oliver Percy Bernard
Oliver Percy Bernard OBE MC (8 April 1881 – 15 April 1939) was an English architect, and scenic, graphic and industrial designer. He was instrumental in developing conservative Victorian British taste in a modernist European direction and much of his work is frequently characterised as art deco.
==Early life==
Born in Camberwell, London, Bernard was the son of Charles Bernard, (d.1894), a theatre manager, and his wife Annie Allen, an actress. Oliver Bernard experienced an unhappy childhood in London and, on the death of his father in 1894, left for Manchester to take a job as a stage hand in a theatre. He took on his own education by reading John Locke, John Ruskin and others. He ultimately took a series of menial jobs at sea, before returning to London to take up scene painting with Walter Hann. Bernard filled his recreation with boxing and billiards. In 1905, he went to New York to work for Klaw & Erlanger before returning to London to work at Covent Garden.〔Powers (2004)〕 In 1912 he was scenic director of the Quinlan Opera Company during their tour of Australia.〔Gyger〕
At the beginning of World War I in 1914, Bernard was rejected for active military service on the grounds of his deafness. Now frustrated by the conservatism of the London theatre,〔 and ashamed at his inability to serve in the war,〔Wang (2003–2005)〕 he travelled back to the Americas before returning on the RMS ''Lusitania'' in 1915, surviving its sinking.〔 As the ship went down, Bernard made sketches which were published in the ''Illustrated London News''.〔Reproduced in Sauder & Marschall (1993) ''pp''46–47〕 In 1916, he was commissioned into the Royal Engineers as a camouflage officer, serving in France, Italy and Belgium, reaching the rank of captain, and being awarded the Military Cross and OBE.〔
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